Showing posts with label british rule. Show all posts
Showing posts with label british rule. Show all posts
28.1.14
Why display Tipu's Sword?
Should culture be a denial of history? And what history ought to be remembered?
When Karnataka decided to celebrate Tipu Sultan in their Republic Day tableau, the opposition did not really think about this. For them it was ‘murderer of Hindus, temple destroyer”, and the Congress government was chided for fake secularism. Some even called Tipu, “the Tiger of Mysore”, a Mughal king. This is par for the course for the Hindutva agenda. To be noted is that we never seem to have an issue with the British. Has there been any move to demolish the Gateway of India?
Having said this, the opponents of the opponents are using Tipu’s bravery against the Raj colonial rule, and his death in battle as an example. All very well, but the Indian National Congress cannot take credit for that.
I do indeed have an issue with Tipu Sultan in the January 26 float for the simple reason that India was already an independent nation when it chose to become a republic. We do not need to commemorate kings. And what is this obsession with his sword? Can we forget that it was brought back to India by business tycoon Vijay Mallya in 2003 by paying from his "personal funds" of Rs. 1.5 crore? (The second sword was auctioned in London in 2013.)
At the time it was seen as a political move, and like many political moves it was explained as "rightful legacy" by "a proud Kannadiga". If anything, this is parochialism. Which is also what the tableaux are about.
For us culture seems to be a mish-mash of song and dance from various regions. This is static. It does not convey the growth of a nation. It is as much of an anomaly as display of weapons. Who are these shown off to? What does it convey? That we are prepared to deal with any enemy attack.
It is not too different from Tipu's sword that Karnataka owes to a corporate house, which represents in some ways how we view the enemy of dislocated people today. What about other enemies within? Is it not the duty of the Republic to address these issues?
And if we want an exhibition of culture, then this is one area where we could do with fusion. Why not bring two or three regions to create something together?
History is killed by crude and ostentatious statues of dead heroes used opportunistically. Tipu Sultan is now included in the pantheon. There will be dissonant voices. Why play into them? Why not celebrate what can be instead of what was?
© Farzana Versey
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Image: India Today
1.10.12
Lahore's Shahid Bhagat Singh
What do names of
places mean? Is it an honour? Is it a sop? Why has Pakistan woken up to name a
square in Lahore after Shahid Bhagat Singh? This has nothing to do with India.
There was no Pakistan then. Bhagat Singh is, therefore, as much Pakistani as
Indian.
Pakistani rights
groups and members of civil society have demanded that the place in Lahore where
freedom fighter Bhagat Singh was hanged should be named after him to
commemorate his role in the movement for the independence of the subcontinent. Speakers
at the rally described Singh as one of the pioneers of the struggle for an
independent subcontinent.
So, what has
this got to do with the present? The activists held a candle-light vigil (yes,
one more) to get this done. These people are promoting themselves as
anti-establishment, which is a bit strange. The freedom struggle had different
dimensions. If they want to remember the place where he was hanged, then try and
recall where so many public murders take place in Pakistan today for upholding
values. He was hanged in 1931 along with Rajguru and Sukhdev, the latter two
seen as satellites in both countries.
One cannot give
it a nationalistic or even a religious or regional bias, for Bhagat Singh was
quite publicly an atheist. This might seem unusual in Islamic Pakistan, but
they have honoured a courtesan (real or imagined, no one knows) Anarkali with a
tomb and also Malik Ayaz the slave-lover of Mahmud of Ghazni in bustling
Lahore. As I have seen both, it gives an interesting insight into how history
can lie in a corner without disturbing new conservative ideas.
The place most
prominently in the news last year was Abottabbad, named after Major James
Abbott who founded it. Kim’s Gun is, of course, named after the character from
Rudyard Kipling’s novel.
I had a rather
emotional moment when I visited the mausoleum of Allama Iqbal. We still sing “Saare
Jahaan Se Achcha” written by him for ‘Hindostan’, but he is theirs. It is just
so difficult to explain these apparently minor aspects that have made a home in
our hearts.
It is true that
as societies change, they want to sometimes wipe out the past. But we still
remember places by their old names. I get particularly irritated when people
say, “Oh, it will always be Bombay for us” about the city being renamed Mumbai.
These same people refer to Beijing (originally Peking), Myanmar (Burma), but
have problems adapting to our own cultural name changes – Chennai (Madras),
Kochi (Cochin), Bengalaru (Bangalore), Odisha (Orissa). Many of these were in
fact merely mispronounced by the British, so why do we get attached to bad
inflections?
In cases where people have contributed to society, I do understand the need for commemorating. We have far too many Gandhi chowks, roads, memorials and those named after the Nehru family. That is the reason I was a bit jubilant when Mayawati performed her megalomaniac act. But are there no other ways to honour people?
In cases where people have contributed to society, I do understand the need for commemorating. We have far too many Gandhi chowks, roads, memorials and those named after the Nehru family. That is the reason I was a bit jubilant when Mayawati performed her megalomaniac act. But are there no other ways to honour people?
Will Pakistanis
discover the virtues of Shahid Bhagat Singh only because there is a chowk named
after him? People don’t discover the past by walking down streets. The young
depend on books, and those should give a true picture. And adults carry
baggages that have to be lightened.
(c) Farzana Versey
22.2.12
RSS votes for British Rule...
...and the rest of India wants to be foreign
It is shameful that the chief of a ‘nationalist’ group, the RSS, feels that India was better off during British rule. Isn’t the RSS always crying itself hoarse to protect our heritage even if it means asserting it through violence?
Mohan Bhagwat’s reasoning is flawed, anyway:
"After Independence, the dominance of rich and powerful people in politics and rising inflation have worsened the country's situation, which is worse than what it was during the British rule. All political parties were in power some or the other time during the last 64 years since Independence, but the situation has not improved. Hence, citizens must introspect over what went wrong."
There were rich and powerful princes and even business houses during British rule; they were protected depending on how loyal they were. In that, nothing has changed. How is it worse? Development strategies are now the burden of the Indians in power; during British rule, the wealthy did not have to worry about these issues. They lived in their principalities and worked in what may be charitably called an obsequious federal structure.
The situation of the poor was as bad, if not worse. At least on paper today one can question concepts of slavery and bonded labour. The colonisers, in order to avail of chattels, permitted the brown sahibs their indulgences as reward for fidelity.
It is a bit strange that the RSS that was formed to protest against British rule is now singing its praises. Stranger still is the confusion. Mr. Bhagwat states:
"Today, there is an insistence on education in a foreign language (English), instead of education in the mother tongue. As a result, the importance of the foreign language has increased to a large extent in the country.”
So, what language were the British promoting? How foreign is a language that is constitutional and, more important, just how many people know that language? This is hitting out at straws. Most people learn their local language, and education has to be broad-based. The concept of the ‘mother tongue’ is limiting, and inherited. Listening to lullabies in it is fine, but what beyond that?
Mr. Bhagwat does come to the nitty-gritty:
"Even 64 years after Independence, India is being threatened by China and Pakistan. With rising concerns over internal security, we should give top priority to military education to students to make India strong.”
Obviously, during British rule we had no threat from Pakistan and China. The colonisers were the internal threat. Did Indians have military training then? Except for some of the rebel armies and the revolutionaries, the battles were fought with passion and little else. What we are faced with now are security issues that have to deal with diplomatic ones as well. While there are border disputes, the governments are also talking about other things. There is insurgency, but neither of these two countries will ever colonise us.
Military education would entail the power of procuring licensed weapons. How many such students will make India strong? Why not encourage them to join the army or other legitimate combat forces? Do we want a militarily equipped country without any other form of education? What has the RSS done for India with all the training it gives its members in the camps?
It is pertinent, though not surprising at all, that Mr. Bhagwat makes no mention of the terror within and the several states and groups at war for space and identity.
- - -
I’d like to digress here about this attitude towards what is foreign. It has to do with our utter contempt for what is indigenous. Even parties that talk about our culture and fight petty battles against westernisation want to be like others. UP Chief Minister, through a leap of faith and imagination, thinks Lucknow is like Paris. With those granite pedestals and statues in different materials, this would not even qualify as kitsch. That aside, does Lucknow not have a fine culture of its own? What about those nukkads, the food, the weaves, the ambience?
The whole of India is in rapt attention over the elections in that state and we have to listen to this tripe about a local Paris. Imagine what would happen if Sonia Gandhi were to say that Amethi is like Sicily, or Delhi like Rome, or Mumbai like Milan? Her foreign origin would be skewered yet again.
Obviously, it does not make sense. But, from the lakes in Nainital to the backwaters of Allepey, we are Venice. Mumbai’s leaders want it to be like Singapore or Shanghai, depending on what noodles they prefer.
Can’t we have some pride in what we are and what we can be? Weirdly, when it comes to marketing our filth for filthy lucre, we are quite ready.
End note:
“A judge should live like a hermit but should work like a horse”
– Chief Justice of India S H Kapadia
The law is an ass, and it is donkeys that work. Perhaps the CJI should have considered the fact that the best horses run races, and hermits live by ‘absenting’ themselves. It might have made more sense if he flipped his statement. Let them work like hermits – sparse with no strings attached, and live like horses – always in a ‘stable’ position wearing blinkers occasionally.
- - -
Images Times, cartoons by Raj Thackeray (courtesy my inbox)
19.8.10
Oh, Blimey!
It’s rare that one country has such interesting little bits of news around the same time. But here’s from Old Blighty.
I don’t get it. Why not in front of the Queen? Or David Cameron? Why an American President? And how does he know that no one has streaked before the presidential eyes before? He is almost imbuing Obama with some kind of Victorian chastity belt that has to be unlocked with such streaking.
When our leaders don’t enjoy it, they become martyrs. A huge thumbs up to the man.
This is not transformation. A rich Indian is buying a company where he will display luxury goods which mostly other rich Indians overseas will buy. If there is so much concern about the symbolism, then he should change the name. I doubt that will happen. He has not bought it for redemption – where the heck does that fit in? – but as a business proposition. It is a brand and he will capitalise on it. Good for him, but let us not make it seem like this is ‘revenge’, as some newspapers have pointed out.
David Cameron is the most tweeted subject. How does that become news? Some media analysis agency said there were many more tweets among the Brits about his coalition government than about Afghanistan. Whoa! When was Afghanistan more important than hot water bottles? Of course, they’ll talk about David – any David or Will or Dick or Dirty Harry.
A British billionaire, Alki David, has offered $1 million to the first person who manages to streak naked in front of Barack Obama. Currently ranked 45th in the Sunday Times Rich List with an estimated fortune of £1.15 billion, this is a publicity stunt for a new website.
I don’t get it. Why not in front of the Queen? Or David Cameron? Why an American President? And how does he know that no one has streaked before the presidential eyes before? He is almost imbuing Obama with some kind of Victorian chastity belt that has to be unlocked with such streaking.
- - -
Malcolm Pearson, head of the UK Independence Party (Ukip), which advocates withdrawing Britain from the European Union, quit. He said he’s learned he is not good at party politics and that he doesn’t enjoy it. “I have learnt I am not much good at party politics. I am also 68, and need to give more time to my interests... So it is right I should stand down on September 2 to give a younger leader time to be established before the next election.”
When our leaders don’t enjoy it, they become martyrs. A huge thumbs up to the man.
- - -
London-based businessman of Gujarati origin Sanjiv Mehta has turned history on its head by buying out the biggest symbol of the oppressive British Raj–The East India Company.
For Sanjiv Mehta, the new owner of the company, this was an emotionally charged moment as it stood for the total transformation of EIC — from a symbol of the tyrannical Raj, to a symbol of the growing economic might of Indians the world over.
“You can’t imagine the sense of pride and redemption I feel.”
This is not transformation. A rich Indian is buying a company where he will display luxury goods which mostly other rich Indians overseas will buy. If there is so much concern about the symbolism, then he should change the name. I doubt that will happen. He has not bought it for redemption – where the heck does that fit in? – but as a business proposition. It is a brand and he will capitalise on it. Good for him, but let us not make it seem like this is ‘revenge’, as some newspapers have pointed out.
- - -
End note:
David Cameron is the most tweeted subject. How does that become news? Some media analysis agency said there were many more tweets among the Brits about his coalition government than about Afghanistan. Whoa! When was Afghanistan more important than hot water bottles? Of course, they’ll talk about David – any David or Will or Dick or Dirty Harry.
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