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| Veerappan |
Veerappan was probably the last of the bandits. Shot dead in 2004 by the security forces that he eluded for a good few decades, he is back in the news. The Supreme Court has stayed the death sentence of his four associates.
It again raises the question
about whether the mental agony and physical confinement due to delayed
execution is humane. Besides this, the courts must ask themselves whether the
severe punishment to deter further such acts of crime serves its purpose. The
Veerappan gang survived in the jungles across three states – Tamil Nadu,
Karnataka and Kerala. It started with poaching, and went on to smuggling of
ivory and sandalwood available in the forests.
How he and his band of
dacoits survived for this long has spawned many stories, including the
complicity of certain forces and the romantic notion of him being protected by
the villagers.
I mention this in the
context of how the legal pattern of the mercy petition on behalf of his aides
is being dealt with. Gnanprakasam, Simon, Meesaikara Madhaian and Bilavendran
will have to wait until tomorrow to know whether the amended version of their
plea will alter the punishment.
It is frightening to think
about the political games that might play themselves. Afzal Guru’s case has
already showcased how fast-tracking is done with ulterior motives. There are
other precedents, all waiting for the noose. Sandalwood smugglers do not matter
as much as an attack on Parliament in the general scheme, but now that the
government has displayed brawn it cannot turn wimpy. If it flexed muscles in
Kashmir, will it be forced to do the same in Kanya Kumari?
What is particularly
intriguing is the Attorney General G E Vahanvati’s reasoning about denying that
mercy in this case:
He said Veerappan’s gang members had committed a crime against the state by triggering a landmine blast that killed 22 people— five policemen, 15 police informers and two forest guards. Opposing the petition, the AG said, “These are crimes against the state and must be distinguished from crimes against society.”
A chief minister is killed.
Does he constitute the state? Does the state not include society? One
understands the validity of symbols, but without wishing to sound insensitive
how are policemen, aware of the dangers of their job, more important than
others? Going by the AG’s statement, is it not the business of the state to
protect society and, therefore, crimes against the latter could also make the
state responsible for laxity?
Where was the state when Veerappan was committing the crimes?
People might recall that the police went full force only when Kannada superstar
Rajkumar was kidnapped and held captive for over three months. This gave the Centre enough ammo to get Karnataka and Tamil Nadu to fight it out.
Elephants, sandalwood, ivory may be state property, but they
are also about business. Whose business? How did the dacoit manage to have an army with him?
Had he not been shot dead, he and his men would still be on the run, continuing
with their activities.
It is important to understand Veerappan a bit. At the age of
ten, he picked up a gun and killed his first elephant. Was it for a lark or
were these the makings of a criminal? One suspects it was pathological, for
there were instances where he did not just snuff out a life, but beheaded the
victims and even choked a six-month old lest its cries alert the police. And he
never expressed remorse for any of his actions.
Yet, he remained in touch with those in power. He offered to
surrender on the condition that he got a presidential pardon, the right to
continue to hold arms and a movie to be made on his life. Part of it could be
attributed to his close observing of Phoolan Devi whose post-dacoit
‘mainstream’ life he was beginning to be inspired by. His numerous video cassettes were less about
communicating to the outside world than to project himself as an invincible
man; it was the trailer of the film he hoped would one day be made by a
director of international standing.
Veerappan decided he was a messiah of the whole region. When
he sent his list of demands, there was nothing for himself. What he said
sounded like a politician’s manifesto – a solution to the Cauvery dispute,
Tamil as the administrative language of Karnataka, and an ensured daily wage
for the Manjoloi estate workers in Tirunelvelli. He wanted to portray himself
as the king of Tamil Nadu, a real-life version of the celluloid MGR.
He even compared himself with Jayalalitha, saying that if
she could be chief minister with cases pending against her, why could he not be
set free? The fact is he would never get any credence as a free man. His
appearance was geared to cause fear as a bandit. In the urban jungle, he would
become a part of the history of thuggery. So he ensured he remained in the news
every few months, and propped up his image as a folk hero.
He often said he respected women and hated the security
forces who raped them under the ruse of trying to find him. It is true that women
were arrested for helping him, for providing him information and food. Then there were his aides. It is possible that he captured them and they
worked for him under duress.
The government and police forces that rely on informants
ought to know how they use their powers to keep such people safe. It is barter.
What applies to them would apply to the criminal too.
These people constitute society. They could well be victims,
of the bandits/terrorists and the state, and one cannot with certainty tell
anymore what comes first.
The killing of Veerappan was justified because it was a case
of one force against another. But getting four aides executed now reeks of
political opportunism. For argument’s
sake, if the state is convinced that capital punishment is the best way to deal
with criminals (it is not and it will have to face the music by right-thinking
citizens), then instead of looking back in anger, it ought to immediately
address recent cases of terror against the state and announce the death
sentence. Only then can it afford to take a high moral ground.
Justice seen to be done is not always justice. It is
sometimes a coverup con job by those in charge of booking cons.
© Farzana Versey
A very nice and reasoned analysis. Executing his ex aides makes no sense from a civil society point of view. One argument is that a civilized society should not stoop to the level of criminals and kill them because that would make the government and society seem just as blood thirsty as the killers. Also like you said these people could have been victims of some crimes themselves.
ReplyDeleteI am guessing there's more to this than we are being told. It is possible that these guys might know some powerful people who made deals with Veerappan and hence a danger to them. Cloak and dagger stuff no doubt, but a lot of things about Veerappan has always been fishy. The fact that he was unusually successful for so long makes it possible to imagine that he was being aided by some established political/business forces. I also think Phoolan was a genuine victim who took up arms solely because of the injustice she experienced and then got carried away afterwards. Veerappan did not seem to have suffered as much injustice, at least no more than an average man would. That makes him less of a sympathetic figure. But yes none of this justifies hanging his aides now.
Sai:
ReplyDeleteIndeed, there are too many factors in the Veerappan case. There were stories even about his death shrouded in questions.
Most of the established criminals have links with powerful people. Surely, he could not have managed to sirlift tons of sandalwood and ivory from the jungles?
I do not know if you've followed the case, but the editor of Nakeeran was in constant touch with him. Strange that no clues could be traced back.
Anyhow, capital punishment for his aides would only show up our current political opportunism for what it is.